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Energy & Utilities

Critical Infrastructure on Aging Foundations

Power grids, water treatment, and utility operations managed by systems designed before cybersecurity was a discipline. National infrastructure at stake.

Key data points
Utility SCADA systems over 20 years old
Control systems managing power distribution, water treatment, gas pipelines.
~50%
Energy sector cyberattacks (2025)
Targeting operational technology. Up 300% since 2020.
1,100+
Grid modernization investment needed
Global estimate to modernize aging electrical infrastructure by 2035.
$2.5 trillion
Utility IT/OT systems with no encryption
Legacy protocols (Modbus, DNP3) transmit in plaintext. Designed for reliability, not security.
~40%
Renewable integration blocked by legacy
Smart grid capabilities constrained by legacy distribution management systems.
~35%
Risk factors

What keeps Energy & Utilities CISOs awake

Power grid control systems on decades-old SCADA with proprietary protocols and no authentication

Water treatment PLCs running on Windows CE and XP — unpatched, managing public safety infrastructure

Gas pipeline monitoring through legacy telemetry systems with no encryption

Smart meter data flowing through legacy billing systems incapable of real-time processing

Renewable energy integration hampered by distribution management systems from the 1990s

Stack comparison

Typical vs Recommended

Typical Energy & Utilities stack
COBOL 8
.NET Framework (4.x) 39
Oracle Database 40
SQL Server 52
Java 8 31
Recommended modern stack
Python 3 85
PostgreSQL 81
Kubernetes 71
FastAPI 80
React 73
Score your own stack →
Regulatory landscape

Compliance Exposure

NERC CIP

North American grid security standards. Legacy systems struggle with electronic security perimeter and access management requirements.

NIS2 (EU)

Energy classified as essential entity. Mandatory incident reporting and security measures. Legacy systems create compliance gaps.

TSA Pipeline Security Directives

Post-Colonial Pipeline. Cybersecurity requirements for pipeline operators. Legacy SCADA systems often non-compliant.

EPA Water Security

Cybersecurity requirements for water utilities. Many systems predate any security framework.